VII.8.1 Pompeii. Temple of Jupiter. Pompeii Temple of the Capitoline Triad. Capitolium.

Pompei. Tempio di Iuppiter o Tempio di Giove. Tempio della Triade Capitolina.

Pompeji. Tempel des Jupiters. Tempel der Kapitolinischen Triade.

Excavated 1810, 1816 and 1820.

Part 1     Part 2     Part 3     Part 4     Part 5     Part 6     Part 7     Part 8

Foro/Forum:  Nord/North      Est/East      Ovest/West      Sud/South      Pianta/Plan

VII.8.1 Pompeii. October 2023. Looking north across Temple. Photo courtesy of Johannes Eber.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. August 2021. Looking north across Temple.

Foto Annette Haug, ERC Grant 681269 DÉCOR.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. July 2017. Looking north across Temple.

Foto Anne Kleineberg, ERC Grant 681269 DÉCOR.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. March 2019. North wall of Temple, with head of Jupiter/Giove.

Foto Anne Kleineberg, ERC Grant 681269 DÉCOR.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. September 2018. Head of Jupiter/Giove.

Foto Anne Kleineberg, ERC Grant 681269 DÉCOR.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. 1944. Head of Jupiter on podium of temple. Photo courtesy of Rick Bauer.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. Photo by Brogi, no. 5112. Head of Jupiter found in 1818.

Now in Naples Archaeological Museum. Photo courtesy of Rick Bauer.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. March 2019. Marble dedication of Spurius Turranius Proculus Gellianus.

Found in the cella of the Temple of Jupiter on 18th January 1817.

Foto Anne Kleineberg, ERC Grant 681269 DÉCOR.

Now in Naples Archaeological Museum. Inventory number 3847, (CIL X, 797).

According to Epigraphik-Datenbank Clauss/Slaby (See www.manfredclauss.de) this reads:

Sp(urius) Turranius L(uci) f(ilius) Sp(uri) n(epos) L(uci) pron(epos) Fab(ia)

Proculus Gellianus

praef(ectus) fabr(um) II pra<e=I>f(ectus) curatorum alvei

Tiberis pra<e=I>f(ectus) pro pr(aetore) i(ure) d(icundo) in urbe Lavinio

pater patratus populi Laurentis foederis

ex libris Sib<i=U>llinis percutiendi cum p(opulo) R(omano)

sacrorum principiorum p(opuli) R(omani) Quirit(ium) nominis

que Latini qua<e=I> apud Laurentis coluntur flam(en)

Dialis flam(en) Martial(is) salius pra<e=I>sul augur pont(ifex)

pra<e=I>f(ectus) cohort(is) Ga<e=I>tul(orum) tr(ibunus) mil(itum) leg(ionis) X

loc(us) d(atus) d(ecreto) d(ecurionum)      [CIL X 797]

VII.8.1 Pompeii. March 2019. Top of stone, with Dedication of Spurius Turranius Proculus Gellianus.

Foto Anne Kleineberg, ERC Grant 681269 DÉCOR.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. March 2019. Information card.

Foto Anne Kleineberg, ERC Grant 681269 DÉCOR.

Dedication by Spurius Turrianus Proculus Gellianus

Marble

AD 47-54

Pompeii, cella of the temple of Jupiter

(1817)

Inv. 3847 (CIL X, 797)

"Spurius Turranius Proculus Gellianus, son of Lucius, grandson of Spurius, great-grandson of Lucius, of the Fabia tribe, prefect of smiths for the second time, prefect of the keepers of the bed of the Tiber, prefect with praetorian powers for the administration of the city of Lavinium, pater patratus of the people of Laurentum to enter into an alliance with Rome according to the Sibylline Books, and of the sacred original institutions of the Roman people of the Quirites and the Latin nation that are preserved in the city of Laurentum. (He held the offices of) flamen dialis, (flamen) martialis, salius presul, augur, pontifex. He was prefect of the cohors of the Getuli and military tribune of the Tenth Legion. (This) space was granted by decree of the decurions".

This individual, a member of the Fabia tribe (not the Menenia tribe of Pompeii) could boast a brilliant career.

At Lavinium, he held a priesthood of archaic origin (pater patratus), charged with performing the bloody sacrifice whereby the town's legendary alliance with Rome was renewed.

No mention is made of his holding an official appointment in Pompeii; still, based on his name, it has been suggested he may have been of Pompeian origin and related to the principal exponents of the town oligarchy, the Clodii, the Gelli and the Holconii; the Turranii are also documented at Pompeii by their tomb in the necropolis of Porta Nocera.

Other scholars believe he might have come from Cisalpine Gaul.

The document stands out for its lexical and orthographic peculiarities (litterae claudianae), which allow it to be dated in the Claudian period.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. Small block of Egyptian basalt with Greek inscription, found 16th August 1818.

Now in Naples Archaeological Museum. Inventory number 2745.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. Pre-1836. Drawing of Greek inscription by De Jorio.

He wrote –

“Di là si passa io un'abitazione non intieramente conosciuta, una camera della quale conteneva una mensola rettangolare di pietra egiziana, lunga nove once ed una linea, larga sei once e due linee, alta cinque once, con una iscrizione greca, unica finora in Pompei. Ved. Tav. IV. No. 2.

See De Jorio A., 1836. Guida di Pompei. Napoli: Fibreno, (p. 63, Tav. IV. No. 2.)

(Trans: “From there I passed into a house not entirely known, a room of which contained a rectangular table of Egyptian stone, with a Greek inscription, unique so far in Pompeii.”)

According to the Epigraphic Database Roma this was found in reg. VI, 4, 'travagliandosi nelle abitazioni le quali restano presso l'ultima strada aperta, che dal Foro mena alla casa di Atteone' (16 agosto 1818)
It reads -

Γάιος Ἰούλιος Ἡφαιστιώνου
υἱὸς Ἡφαιστίων, ἱερατεύσας
τοῦ πολιτεύματος τῶν Φρυ=
γῶν, ἀνέθηκε Δία Φρύγιον,
5 ((ἔτους)) κζʹ Καίσαρ`ο´(ς) Φαρμοῦ`θ´(ι) Σεβαστῇ.

According to Prisciandaro and Pagano, it was found in VII.8.1.

See M. Pagano, R. Prisciandaro, Studio sulle provenienze degli oggetti rinvenuti negli scavi borbonici del Regno di Napoli, I, Castellammare di Stabia 2006, p. 117, and PAH I, 3, 212.

Pappalardo also quotes Fiorelli as stating this inscription came from VII.8.1.

Giove….. was adored with a special cult by some Alexandrians, who in the same temple placed a simulacrum of the god, bearing this [the above] legend in the carved base.

See Pappalardo, U., 2001. La Descrizione di Pompei per Giuseppe Fiorelli (1875). Napoli: Massa Editore. (p.102).

VII.8.1 Pompeii. Tablet found in 1900. Actions taken by decree of the decurions and by order of the duoviri and Aediles.

Now in Naples Archaeological Museum. Inventory number 125229.

According to the Epigraphic Database Roma this reads: -

------

M(arci) Pomponi Marc̣ẹ[ll(i),]

L(uci) Valeri Flacci

d(uum)v(irorum) i(ure) d(icundo),

L(uci) Obelli Lucretiani,

A(uli) Perenni Merulini

d(uum)v(irorum) v(iis) a(edibus) s(acris) p(ublicis) p(rocurandis),

[C(aio) Cae]ṣạre, L(ucio) Paullo

[co(n)s(ulibus).]       (AE 1901, 80)

The Naples Museum information card translates this as: -

“(By order of) Marcus Pomponius Marcellus and Lucius Valerius Flaccus, duoviri with judicial powers, Lucius Obellius

Lucretianus and Aulus Perennius Merulinus duoviri v.a.s.p.p. during the consulate of Gaius Caesar and Lucius Paullus”.       

VII.8.1 Pompeii. August 2021. Looking towards north-west corner and room at west end and centre of north wall.

Foto Annette Haug, ERC Grant 681269 DÉCOR

VII.8.1 Pompeii. July 2017.

Doorways to rear rooms on west end and centre of north side of Temple.

Foto Anne Kleineberg, ERC Grant 681269 DÉCOR.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. August 2021. Doorway to room at west end of north wall.

Foto Annette Haug, ERC Grant 681269 DÉCOR.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. August 2021.

Looking north through doorway to room at west end of north wall.

Foto Annette Haug, ERC Grant 681269 DÉCOR.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. October 2023.

North wall of room at west end of north wall. Photo courtesy of Johannes Eber.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. September 2018. Recess in north wall between two doorways at west end.

Foto Anne Kleineberg, ERC Grant 681269 DÉCOR.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. September 2018. Looking towards north wall with doorways in centre and east end.

Foto Anne Kleineberg, ERC Grant 681269 DÉCOR.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. August 2021.

Looking through doorway of room in centre of north wall.

Foto Annette Haug, ERC Grant 681269 DÉCOR.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. September 2018. Doorway threshold of central room near north wall.

Foto Anne Kleineberg, ERC Grant 681269 DÉCOR

VII.8.1 Pompeii. August 2021.

Looking north through doorway of central room against north wall.

Foto Annette Haug, ERC Grant 681269 DÉCOR.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. October 2023.

North wall of central room against north wall. Photo courtesy of Johannes Eber.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. August 2021. East wall of doorway of central room.

Foto Annette Haug, ERC Grant 681269 DÉCOR.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. September 2018. Recess in north wall between two doorways.

Foto Anne Kleineberg, ERC Grant 681269 DÉCOR.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. September 2018. Recess in north wall at east end. 

Foto Anne Kleineberg, ERC Grant 681269 DÉCOR.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. September 2018. Doorway to room on east side against north wall.

Foto Anne Kleineberg, ERC Grant 681269 DÉCOR.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. August 2021. Doorway to room on east side of north wall.

Foto Annette Haug, ERC Grant 681269 DÉCOR.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. October 2023. Doorway threshold. Photo courtesy of Johannes Eber.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. September 2018. Doorway threshold of room on east side of north wall.

Foto Anne Kleineberg, ERC Grant 681269 DÉCOR.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. August 2021.

Looking north through doorway of room on east side of north wall.

Foto Annette Haug, ERC Grant 681269 DÉCOR.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. October 2023.

North wall of room on east side of north wall. Photo courtesy of Johannes Eber.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. October 2023. Detail of upper vaulted north wall. Photo courtesy of Johannes Eber.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. August 2021.

Looking towards west side of doorway in room on east side of north wall.

Foto Annette Haug, ERC Grant 681269 DÉCOR.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. September 2018. West side of doorway of room.

Foto Anne Kleineberg, ERC Grant 681269 DÉCOR.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. September 2018. Detail of painted decoration on west side of doorway.

Foto Anne Kleineberg, ERC Grant 681269 DÉCOR.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. September 2018. Upper west wall and vaulted ceiling of room.

Foto Anne Kleineberg, ERC Grant 681269 DÉCOR.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. September 2018. Vaulted ceiling of room, looking south towards doorway.

Foto Anne Kleineberg, ERC Grant 681269 DÉCOR.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. October 2023. Looking north-east along doorways to rooms at north end of Temple. Photo courtesy of Johannes Eber.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. August 2021. Looking towards room at east end of north wall, north-east corner and east wall behind columns.

Foto Annette Haug, ERC Grant 681269 DÉCOR.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. September 2018.

Looking through doorway from podium towards east wall of cella with columns.

Foto Anne Kleineberg, ERC Grant 681269 DÉCOR.

VII.8.1 Pompeii, May 2018. Looking towards columns near east wall of cella. Photo courtesy of Buzz Ferebee.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. August 2021. Looking towards east side of Temple at north end.

Foto Annette Haug, ERC Grant 681269 DÉCOR.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. August 2021. Looking north along east wall of cella.

Foto Annette Haug, ERC Grant 681269 DÉCOR.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. September 2018. Looking north along east wall of cella.

Foto Anne Kleineberg, ERC Grant 681269 DÉCOR.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. September 2018. Looking north along east wall of cella towards north-east corner.

Foto Anne Kleineberg, ERC Grant 681269 DÉCOR.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. September 2018. East wall with remaining painted decoration. 

Foto Anne Kleineberg, ERC Grant 681269 DÉCOR.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. September 2018. Detail of east wall with remaining painted decoration. 

Foto Anne Kleineberg, ERC Grant 681269 DÉCOR.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. September 2018. Detail of east wall with remaining painted decoration. 

Foto Anne Kleineberg, ERC Grant 681269 DÉCOR.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. Drawing by Pasquale Maria Veneri, signed below by V. Niccolini, of an internal wall of the cella.

Now in Naples Archaeological Museum. Inventory number ADS 720.

Photo © ICCD. https://www.catalogo.beniculturali.it/

Utilizzabili alle condizioni della licenza Attribuzione - Non commerciale - Condividi allo stesso modo 2.5 Italia (CC BY-NC-SA 2.5 IT)

VII.8.1 Pompeii. Painted decoration of inner walls of cella by Mazois.

According to the description by Mazois –

Plate 36 showed the painted decoration of the inner walls of the cella with its harmony of colours – the black dominated in the zoccolo, with red in the panels; the frieze, in amaranth colour, is surmounted by a cornice with modillions (decorative supports) painted in perspective: it is perhaps the only example of this kind.

See Mazois, F., 1829. Les Ruines de Pompei : Troisième Partie. Paris : Didot Frères, pl. XXXVI, and p.50

VII.8.1 Pompeii. 19th century sketch by Jean-Baptiste Ciceron Lesueur of cella wall decoration.

See Lesueur, Jean-Baptiste Ciceron. Voyage en Italie de Jean-Baptiste Ciceron Lesueur (1794-1883), pl. 23.

See Book on INHA reference INHA NUM PC 15469 (04)  « Licence Ouverte / Open Licence » Etalab

VII.8.1 Pompeii. October 2023. Looking towards columns and east wall. Photo courtesy of Johannes Eber.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. Looking towards east wall of cella.

Used with the permission of the Institute of Archaeology, University of Oxford. File name instarchbx208im 043 Resource ID. 44369.

See photo on University of Oxford HEIR database

VII.8.1 Pompeii. October 2023. Columns near east wall at south end. Photo courtesy of Johannes Eber.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. October 2023. Detail of columns near east wall. Photo courtesy of Johannes Eber.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. October 2023.

Detail of column near east wall. Photo courtesy of Johannes Eber.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. September 2018. Detail of columns, looking north along east wall.

Foto Anne Kleineberg, ERC Grant 681269 DÉCOR.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. September 2018. Detail of columns, looking north along east wall.

Foto Anne Kleineberg, ERC Grant 681269 DÉCOR.

VII.8.1 Pompeii. September 2018. Area between two columns on east portico.

Foto Anne Kleineberg, ERC Grant 681269 DÉCOR.

Part 1     Part 2     Part 3     Part 4     Part 5     Part 6     Part 7     Part 8

Foro/Forum:  Nord/North      Est/East      Ovest/West      Sud/South      Pianta/Plan